As a child, Dustin Brown played handball, football, and judo before committing solely to tennis at the age of 8.  Brown started his professional career in Jamaica after relocating in August 1996.  He competed in several junior tournaments that included the World Youth Cup in Mexico in 1998 and the Eddy Herr International Tournament in Florida in 2000.  In 2002, he officially turned professional by competing in 24 consecutive Futures events.  In 2003, Brown competed for the first time in the ATP Tour in Newport, Rhode Island.     

From November 2009 through mid-October 2019, Brown finished in the Top 200 in the Emirates ATP Rankings every week.  In 2010, he ranked in the Top 100 for the first of three times in his career.  Brown secured No. 92 after notable plays in the ATP World Tour quarterfinals in Johannesburg, South Africa and Newport, Rhode Island.  Brown earned his first ATP World Tour Challenger doubles title in Metz, France in 2010 with Rogier Wassen, defeating Marcelo Melo and Bruno Soares 6-3 in the finals.  In 2012, he had another ATP World Tour Challenger doubles win with partner Paul Hanley in Casablanca, Morocco where they defeated Daniele Bracciali and Fabio Fognini 7-5 and 6-3.  Brown competed in Wimbledon several times throughout his career and defeated former champions on two occasions.  In 2013, Brown won against Lleyton Hewitt and in 2015, he defeated Rafael Nadal.

In 2014, Brown returned to a Top 100 finish with rank No. 89.  He reached No. 64 in 2016.  That same year, Brown won his 7th Challenger title in Manchester, Great Britain.  He also represented Germany in the 2016 Rio Olympics, but he retired from the event due to an ankle injury during a match against Thomaz Bellucci in which he was defeated.  In 2017, Brown earned his fourth Top 10 win.  He competed at Montpellier, France, the Challenger Semi-finals at both Irving, Texas and Surbiton, Great Britain, and the Challenger doubles final at Meerbusch, Germany.  Brown’s next tour-level win was in 2019 when he advanced to the quarterfinals at the ATP World Tour 250 in Stuttgart, Germany.  He also won a Challenger doubles title at Noumea, New Caledonia with partner Donald Young and advanced to the Challenger doubles final in Bergamo, Italy with Tomislav Brkić that year. Due to lingering injuries since 2018, Brown has played sparingly over the last few years, and announced that he will retire at the end of 2024.